Unfair Labour Practice – What It Means and How to Fight It

If you ever felt your boss was crossing the line – denying wages, pressuring you to quit, or threatening you for union activity – you’re probably dealing with an unfair labour practice (ULP). In India, the Industrial Disputes Act defines ULPs and gives employees a clear route to challenge them. This page gathers the most useful articles on the topic and breaks down the basics so you can act fast and protect your rights.

Common Types of Unfair Labour Practices

ULPs show up in many forms. The most frequent ones include:

• Refusing to hire a worker because they’re a union member.
• Discriminating against employees who complain about working conditions.
• Changing terms of employment without consent – like cutting salary or cutting overtime pay.
• Coercing staff to resign or forcing them out of a union.
• Failing to pay wages or statutory benefits on time.

Each of these actions violates the law, and the employee can file a complaint with the Labour Commissioner or approach the industrial court.

Steps to Take When You Face an Unfair Labour Practice

1. Document Everything. Keep pay slips, emails, SMS, and any written notice. A clear paper trail makes it easier to prove the violation.

2. Talk to Your Employer. Sometimes a simple conversation resolves the issue. Keep it professional and note the date and outcome.

3. Seek Help from a Union or Legal Advisor. If you’re part of a union, report the case immediately. If not, our article “Employer Not Paying Salary in India: Rights, Legal Steps & Solutions” walks you through filing a grievance.

4. File a Complaint. You can lodge a claim with the Labour Commissioner or the appropriate industrial tribunal. The filing fee is nominal, and the process usually starts with a mediation session.

5. Prepare for the Hearing. Bring all documentation, witness statements, and a concise summary of what happened. Our guide on “Salary Rights After Job Termination in India” offers a template you can reuse.

6. Follow Up. If the tribunal orders relief – like back wages or reinstatement – make sure the employer complies. Non‑compliance can lead to contempt of court charges.

These steps are also covered in the article “Can You Sue Your Employer for Mental Stress in India? Your Legal Options Explained,” which highlights how emotional harm ties into ULP claims.

Our tag page pulls together these practical resources so you don’t have to hunt across the site. Whether you need a quick checklist for unpaid salary, advice on filing a grievance, or an in‑depth look at punitive damages, you’ll find a ready‑to‑use guide here.

Remember, you don’t have to face an unfair labour practice alone. Use the tools on this page, reach out to a trusted legal professional, and assert your rights confidently.