Night Shift Overtime: Your Quick Guide

Working when the sun goes down can be tiring, and the law says you should get extra pay for those late hours. If you’re on a night shift, you’re probably wondering how overtime is calculated, what the legal limits are, and how to make sure you actually receive the money you’re owed. Let’s break it down in plain English so you can protect your paycheck.

When does night shift overtime apply?

In India, the Factories Act, 1948 and the Shops and Establishments Act of each state set the basic rules. Generally, any work beyond the normal 8‑hour day or 48‑hour week is overtime. For night workers, there’s an extra twist: if you work between 10 pm and 6 am, the law often treats those hours as "night work" and adds a premium on top of the regular overtime rate.

Here’s a simple formula most employers follow:

• Regular overtime (daytime) = 1.5 × your basic hourly wage.
• Night shift overtime = 2 × your basic hourly wage (or sometimes 2.5 ×, depending on the state).

So if you earn ₹200 per hour, a regular overtime hour nets you ₹300, while a night overtime hour could bring in ₹400 or more. Keep in mind the exact multiplier can vary, so check your state’s Shops and Establishments Act or your employment contract.

How to claim your night shift overtime pay

First, gather proof. Your pay slip, time‑sheet, or any attendance record that shows when you clocked in and out is essential. If your employer uses a biometric system, print out the logs. If you don’t have a written record, ask HR for a copy – they’re required to provide it.

Next, talk to your supervisor or HR department. A calm, fact‑based conversation works best. Explain the hours you worked, the applicable rate, and politely ask for the missing amount. Most companies will correct a slip‑up quickly.

If the informal route fails, you have a few options:

• File a written grievance with your employer, citing the relevant labor law sections.
• Approach the Labour Commissioner of your state. They handle disputes over wages, including overtime.
• Seek help from a legal aid clinic or a labor lawyer. Many NGOs offer free advice for workers facing wage issues.

Remember, the law sets a limitation period – usually three years from the date the wages were due. Don’t wait too long to act.

Lastly, protect yourself for the future. Ask your employer to update the salary structure to clearly show overtime rates for night work. When you start a new job, read the contract carefully and confirm the overtime policy during the interview.

Night shift overtime isn’t just a bonus; it’s a legal right. By knowing the rates, keeping good records, and taking quick action when something’s off, you can make sure you’re paid fairly for those after‑hours hours. Stay informed, stay organized, and your paycheck will reflect the hard work you put in during the night."