Long-Term Tenancy: What You Need to Know

Thinking about staying in a rental property for years? A long‑term tenancy can feel like a second home, but it also comes with its own set of rules. Whether you’re a tenant who wants security or a landlord looking for stable income, knowing the rights and duties under Indian law saves you headaches later.

Key Rights for Tenants

First off, a tenant’s right to stay isn’t just a promise from the landlord – it’s backed by the Indian Contract Act and several state rent control acts. You can expect:

• Written lease that clearly states rent, duration, and renewal terms.
• Protection against arbitrary eviction. A landlord must give a proper notice (usually 30 days) and go through the court if they want you out.
• Right to reasonable repairs. If the roof leaks or the electricity fails, the landlord must fix it within a reasonable time.

In practice, many disputes arise because the lease is vague. Always write down who pays for things like painting, water connections, or parking. If the contract says the landlord handles painting, you shouldn’t be the one buying paint.

Landlord Duties You Can’t Ignore

Landlords have a few non‑negotiable responsibilities:

• Provide a habitable space – no pest infestations, safe structural conditions, and basic utilities.
• Maintain the property during the tenancy. Minor wear and tear is normal, but major repairs (like broken plumbing) are on the landlord.
• Return the security deposit on time, minus any legitimate damages.

One common question is who should paint the walls after a long stay. The law leans toward the landlord unless the lease says otherwise. If you negotiate a lower rent in exchange for taking on painting, write that agreement down.

Another hot topic is adverse possession. Some tenants wonder if living in a house for many years can turn them into owners. In India, adverse possession only applies to land, not to a built‑up property under a rental agreement. So, you can enjoy the space, but you won’t automatically own it.

For both parties, keeping a copy of the signed lease, rent receipts, and any correspondence is a smart move. If a dispute reaches the court, this paperwork forms the backbone of your case.

Finally, remember that rent control rules differ by state. In Delhi, for example, the Delhi Rent Control Act caps rent increases for older buildings, while Maharashtra follows its own legislation. Check the local act before signing a long‑term deal.

Bottom line: a clear, written agreement, understanding who handles repairs and painting, and keeping records will make a long‑term tenancy smooth for everyone.